Ap Euro Martin Luther Conservative or Revolutionary Essay

Martin Luther was probably the best priest, clerics, and religious instructors of Germany, alongside being the image of the Protestant Reformation. He didn't begin so strict in any case. One day he was trapped in a startling and hazardous tempest. He petitioned God asking not to be slaughtered, and promised to turn into a priest on the off chance that he endure. He did live, maintaining his statement to the master, and joined a religious community. He joined an Augustinian friary in 1505, where he experienced anfechtung, or otherworldly uneasiness. He couldn't be sure whether he was doing what's necessary benevolent acts to accomplish salvation and get access to the realm of paradise, as it was accepted by the Catholic religion that it took acts of kindness alongside confidence so as to enter. To remove his psyche from his strict concerns, he was prescribed to a showing post at the University of Wittenberg. There, he showed religious philosophy and was very famous among his understud ies. Luther experienced steady clogging, so he regularly read the good book while on the latrine. At some point while doing this a specific entry from the epistle of St. Paul to the Romans: â€Å"the just will live by faith,† which prompted Luther’s center conviction of sola fide, or confidence alone. Through this conviction, Luther accepted that the main thing expected to accomplish salvation was to live by confidence alone, which tested the Roman Catholic Church’s philosophy that both confidence and acts of kindness were important. Luther imparted his convictions to the individuals of the Holy Roman Empire, requesting change to the manner in which religious philosophy was generally educated. He concurred with parts of the current lessons and was preservationist, needing to keep portions of the religion the equivalent. He kept the holy observances, anyway decreased the measure of them from 7 to 2. He was additionally similar to numerous Roman Catholic strict figures, hostile to Semitic. Lutheranism, as his religion came to be called, turned out to be progres sively accommodating to the state too. Anyway Luther additionally had numerous progressive thoughts, which maddened those of the RCC. In light of the political issues, he wished to get rid of the procedure of guilty pleasures, which were close to bits of paper in his eyes as works had nothing to do with salvation. His nailing of the 95 Theses profoundly rankled the congregation specialists, as it conflicted with all that they educated and accept. Anyway in his reaction to the social issue of the Peasant’s Revolt, he advised the rulers to pound the individuals who revolted, as social upheaval was not his goal. After cautious assessment, Martin Luther has demonstrated to be both a progressive just as a moderate. Luther substantiated himself consistently of his progressive way to deal with religion. His best case of this was the 95 Theses. Johann Tetzel, a German Roman Catholic minister, was selling a costly guilty pleasure as a gathering pledges thought of Pope Leo X to fund th e structure of St. Diminishes basilica. At the point when one of Luther’s parishioners came to admission, he introduced an extravagance he had paid for, guaranteeing he no longer needed to apologize of his wrongdoings, since the archive vowed to pardon every one of his transgressions. Luther was offended, and reviewed the Ninety-Five Theses, fighting the offer of guilty pleasures, which he continued to nail to the entryway of All Saints’ Church in Wittenberg Germany. He did this on a significant Catholic occasion, All Saints Day, which struck at the center of the Catholic religion. The most noticeable, testing, and notable was Theses 86 which read â€Å"Why does the pope, whose riches today is more prominent than the abundance of the most extravagant Crassus, construct the basilica of Saint Peter with the cash of poor devotees instead of with his own money?† He said guilty pleasures didn't do what the Church said it did in light of the fact that salvation was conceded by sola fide. The thoughts in the Ninety-Five Theses immediately spread all through Europe by means of the moveable kind print machine. Some other time Luther occupied with progressive activities was at The Disputation at Leipzig. He was welcome to partake in the Church-supported discussion, as the Church needed a discourse concerning Luther’s difficulties to Catholic teaching and practices. RCC pioneers at Leipzig pronounced that Luther’s thoughts weren't right in light of the fact that the pope and Church conventions couldn't not be right. Luther at that point stunned everybody, precluding the authority from claiming the pope and church gatherings. He pronounced that the main expert on issues of confidence for Christians was the Bible. He said that sola scriptura, or sacred text alone, decided the conviction of Christians, not the lessons of the Pope. Upon the finish of the gathering at Leipzig, Luther was compromised with an ecclesiastical bull of suspension, which he consumed in fight. Luther likewise demonstrated progressive thought at the Diet of Worms. He was called to go to by Charles V, the as of late chosen Holy Roman Emperor. At the get together, Luther was inquired as to whether he had composed the â€Å"Ninety-Five Theses,† â€Å"The Address to the Christian Nobility,† â€Å"The Babylonian Captivity of the Church,† and different works. Luther acknowledged the allegations and recognized that he had kept in touch with them, and when requested to retract his thoughts or endure the outcomes, he mentioned per night to consider his choice. At the point when Luther restored the following day, he stood firm when inquired as to whether he would abjure and gladly announced â€Å"Here I stand, I can do no other.† Luther was then proclaimed an apostate and turned into a stamped man. Troops of Frederick the Elector safeguarded Luther and took him to safe covering up in Wartburg Castle, where he continued to make an interpretation of the Bible into the vernacular, which was profoundly against the lessons of the congregation and illicit. He likewise pronounced that priests and nuns were not committed to maintain their promises. Luther acted revolutionarily towards political strict issues, yet towards the social issues of the time too. The most notable was the Peasants’ Revolt. Some strict pioneers wound and distorted Luther’s thoughts to profit their own causes, with the most conspicuous being Thomas Mã ¼ntzer. They composed the â€Å"Twelve Articles†: a request of laborer requests and sent it to the Swabian League that called upon the Holy Roman Emperor to enable the proletariat to manage monetary and strict issues. At the point when Charles V overlooked the â€Å"Twelve Articles,† ministers drove by Mã ¼ntzer blended the majority to rebel against the aristocrats. Luther accepted the laborers were way off the mark, as he was stubbornly against blending strict renewal in with political and social insurgency. He disassociated himself with Mã ¼ntzer and the disgusting workers. He asked the sovereigns to cooperate to â€Å"slaughter the swine,† or the workers. He contended that strict subjects must be subordinate to their mainstream specialists. Luther substantiated himself a progressive again and again through numerous demonstrations all through his strict life. Despite the fact that Luther was a progressive, a considerable lot of his activities additionally direct a traditionalist methodology, needing to keep a few things the equivalent or even return to the manner in which they used to be. A significant message Luther conveyed was that acceptable Christians owed compliance to set up expert in common issues. Lutheranism saw the state with more regard than different religions. Lutheranism was significantly more accommodating to the state. He demanded that Christian freedom was an inside opportunity, known uniquely to God. Luther needed the congregation lessons to return to how they used to be, founded on sola scriptura or sacred writing alone, without the need of outside translation by the pope, religious administrators, abbots, and so forth. He was preservationist in that he made numerous unions with sovereigns who preferred his thoughts, spreading them to their own realms. He didn’t side with equipped uprisings, refering to his name, against the respectability in locales of Germany, rather he upheld the honorability, advising them to cooperate to â€Å"slaughter the swine.† He would not like to get rid of the ceremonies, anyway he wanted to decrease them from seven to two. This indicated how he would not like to change all pieces of the Roman Catholic religion, just parts. Additionally, as most strict figures of the time Martin Luther was hostile to Semitic. He needed all the Jewish individuals to change over to Lutheranism, as he didn't accept the Jewish religion was right in its lessons and convictions. He limited the privilege of private judgment in issues including inner voice, however never denied it. A traditionalist in the manner he got things done, Luther was really an incredible pioneer. Luther accepted that the main thing expected to accomplish salvation was to live by confidence alone, which tested the Roman Catholic Church’s religious philosophy that both confidence and benevolent acts were essential. Luther imparted his convictions to the individuals of the Holy Roman Empire, requesting change to the manner in which religious philosophy was generally instructed. He concurred with parts of the current lessons and was moderate, needing to keep portions of the religion the equivalent. He kept the ceremonies, anyway decreased the measur e of them from 7 to 2. An enemy of Semitic, Luther showed similitudes with different strict authorities. Lutheranism turned out to be increasingly accommodating to the state, as Luther accepted that in common issues religion needs to tune in to power. Anyway Luther likewise had numerous progressive thoughts, which upset those of the RCC as it conflicted with the nuts and bolts of Roman Catholic lessons. Because of the political issues, he wished to get rid of the cash theft of the selling of guilty pleasures, which were close to bits of paper in his eyes as works had nothing to do with salvation. His nailing of the 95 Theses caused the intensity of the congregation specialists to change, as it conflicted with all that they trained their devotees and all that they had been educated.. Anyway in his reaction to the social issue of the Peasant’s Revolt, he advised the sovereigns to pound the individuals who revolted, as social upheaval was not his aim. He intended to keep the iss ues of social or political issues separate from strict change. Behind

The Bush and Saudi Connection and Ethics in Politics essays

The Bush and Saudi Connection and Ethics in Politics expositions A little while prior I was sitting in my little cell-like apartment viewing the dubious film, Fahrenheit 9/11. Incidentally, on the off chance that you have never observed the film, I do energetically suggest it. As I was viewing the film, an idea flew into my head like when you out of nowhere remember something you expected to recall however had completely overlooked. I knew right then this is the point that I ought to expound on for my last morals paper. I had contemplated on what subject to compose on previously yet nothing was coming. I realized that out of thirty individuals, similar subjects managing religion, youngster work, capital punishment, and premature birth would have been rehashed a few times and I wanted to exhaust the teacher. I truly needed to pick a point that was extraordinary. Thus, here it is, my point is on the subject of how moral our dear President has been. As indicated by dictionary.com, the meaning of morals is A lot of standards of right lead. A hypothesis or an arrangement of virtues, the investigation of the general idea of ethics and of the particular good decisions to be made by an individual; moral way of thinking. The principles or guidelines overseeing the lead of an individual or the individuals from a calling. Here in the USA, in our own one of a kind government we can see flawed conduct in which most of Americans are uninformed. As I had recently expressed, I saw the dubious film, Fahrenheit 9/11, by Michael Moore that made got me question a portion of the announcements made in the film. I looked into the precision of these announcements and found a staggering measure of archives supporting the announcements on the Internet. Fahrenheit 9/11 is a film demonstrating the association President Bush and his dad, Bush senior, have to the Bin Laden family and Saudi oil. To clarify the association I do need to give some foundation data. During the 1980s, the United States helped the Saudis monetarily and militarily in a huge development of runways, ports, an... <!

Qantas Issues A Challenge To Boeing Airbus -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Examine About The Qantas Issues A Challenge To Boeing Airbus? Answer: Introducation Moral thought may prompt disappointment or accomplishment of an examination relying on the strategies applied. Obscurity of the respondents has been kept up to secure their protection. The information gathered won't be utilized in some other articles or diaries. The respondents have taken an interest on their own unrestrained choice and none of them has been compelled to partake in the investigation. The point and targets of the exploration has not been misrepresented and straightforwardness in information has been kept up. Abstract survey Cost structure is the division of brought about expense on an association. As per Shepherd (2015), cost structure is the cumulating cost of both fixed and variable cost the organization causes in their operational procedure. Miln et al (2014) then again proposed comparable meaning of cost structure and expressed that it as a strategy for deciding the created cost in an association. The creator further expresses that the structure is probably going to differ over ventures because of the idea of the association. For instance, cost structure of an assembling organization will definitely shift from the one in the administration business. Be that as it may, the brought about expense can be partitioned under two expansive sorts that are fixed expense and variable expense. Larson and Gray (2013) distinguished fixed expenses as the costs that are probably not going to change as often as possible, while, the variable costs falls under the cost that every now and again changes. Aircraft Cost Structure As talked about, cost structures altogether different over businesses. The cost structure of carriers industry as recognized by Button (2017) can be separated into direct working cost, aberrant working expense and overhead expense. Direct working expenses are legitimately doled out to the tasks of the planes and solace of the travelers. A portion of the direct working expense brought about by the carrier organizations is fuel, upkeep, airplane and so forth. Aberrant working charges as ordered by Osadchy and Akhmetshin (2015) are stopping charges, team and lodge pay and so on. Deals and showcasing costs, bookkeeping costs, work force related costs then again are classes under overhead expense by the writers. Effect of Direct Operating Cost As contended by Ferguson et al (2013), direct working expenses are the essential determinants of the cost structure in a carriers organization and has noteworthy effect on the estimating of the administrations gave. Adjustment of this cost structure brought about by the association fundamentally alters the valuing of the items. The significant players in the plane related direct working expense as recognized by Ryerson and Hansen (2013) are the fuel cost and airplane cost. Various components related with costing further impacts these working expenses. The essential compelling component as expressed by Morrell (2013) in the money swapping scale, that fundamentally adjusts the caused import pace of the items. Effect of fuel cost on cost structure Ryerson and Hansen (2013) in their examination on Jet airplanes distinguished that the slanted cost of the fuel had destroying impact on the working expense of the carrier. The creators sorted the fuel cost as the under the variable expense inside the cost structure. This drove the organization to alter the cost model. They further related the fuel cost with the airplane age as the caused fuel cost is identified with the condition and age of the airplane. They further created two cost models for recognizable proof of the productivity of each model as minimal effort structure. Lim and Hong (2014) then again recognized the proficiency of fuel supporting on controlling minimal effort structure. The creators opined that The enormous fuel devouring organizations can altogether diminish their activity cost by presenting fuel supporting model for limiting their acquired expenses. Effect of Aircraft cost on cost structure Aircraft organizations falls under the administration business, which just offers types of assistance to the clients as opposed to assembling anything. Consequently, the items used in the process are imported from the producers. The essential item that they import are simply the airplanes, costing of which falls under the working cost structure of the organization. Be that as it may, procurement of fitting airplane is fundamental for the aircraft organization in detailing their cost structure and producing income. Hu and Zhang (2015) contended that it is conceivable that the income produced structure an airplane is lesser than the speculation with requires the organization to shutdown that specific airplane. Effect of cash swapping scale on aircraft cost structure Morrell (2013) in his book called attention to the effect of the cash swapping scale on the aircrafts cost structure and benefit. Residential aircrafts for this situation are probably going to be less affected because of the money development. Zeller and Metzger (2013) in their work effectively clarified the effect of conversion standard on the global carriers organizations on the benefit. This has been a basic issue for the global aircrafts organizations and a significant parameter for the carrier operational expense. Organization detailing evaluating dependent on a specific money faces serious test in the market because of the conversion scale and incidentally may situate themselves in a disadvantageous situation because of the swapping scale. Clients may appreciate a more prominent advantages structure an alternate aircrafts in the situation. Moreover, as expressed by Delbari et al (2016) variance in the money rate is the best danger to the carrier organizations. This may fundamentally decrease the net revenue in of the organization. Delta Airlines confronted comparative issue in their activities in Pacific market during the final quarter of 2014, when estimation of the Japanese yen definitely fell progressively against the US dollar. This diminished the Deltas income by US$31 million (Sergio Mendoza, 2018). Swapping scale has comparative effect on the other segment of the working expense. The essential segments that can be distinguished are airplane import and fuel cost. Adjustment in the swapping scale altogether changes the fuel rate (Lim and Hong, 2014). This vacillation in the costing destabilize the cost structure of the organization. Fuel cost is sporadically altered because of the conversion scale of cash. This requests the organization to put the fuel cost under the adaptable costing of the cost structure. Conversion standard has comparable effect on the airplane estimating. Lim and Hong (2014) relates the issue to the import and fare of the airplanes as the carrier organizations needs to purchase airplane from the predetermined number of producers around the globe. Variance of the swapping scale adjusts the expense brought about by the organization on the buy, consequently, influencing the operational expense of the organization. Writing Gap The current writing distinguishes the issues independently and neglects to recognize the connections between the wonders. Be that as it may, these interrelated issues are looked by the aircraft associations. Hole into the writing gives chance to interfacing the issues and recognize how these components impact one another, at last adjusting the cost structure of the associations. Goal of the examination To recognize the hazard factors related with variances in return rates To recognize the present methodologies utilized by Qantas to alleviate chance components related with changes in return rates To recognize the effect of imported airplane costs on cost structure of Qantas To recognize the effect of money conversion standard on imported fuel costs of Qantas To recognize the effect of money conversion standard has sway on cost structure of Qantas To recognize the effect of fuel costs on the cost structure of Qantas To suggest appropriate methodologies for lessening the cost structure of Qantas Research Design The unidentified realities in an examination are deliberately uncovered in inquire about philosophy. The methodologies, structures and strategies utilized during the general examination is depicted utilizing research philosophy. The exploration philosophy will give defense to picking every one of the strategies. The variety of research strategy will be founded on the idea of research, inquire about reason and general order. Different standards will decide if the investigation is quantitative or subjective, applied or key, expository or enlightening, exploratory or indisputable (Best and Kahn, 2016). This examination has a place with the class of an applied research where an ebb and flow investigate issue looked by Qantas. The directors in their hierarchical plan of action can actualize the discoveries of the investigation. The ID of strategies for information assortment and examination can be executed by inquire about way of thinking. Research reasoning builds the attention to the suppositions and convictions of the examination. Notwithstanding, determination of the proper research strategy will rely upon the down to earth suggestion. Positivism, interpretivism, authenticity and realism are the distinctive research ways of thinking utilized in the examination (Bryman and Bell, 2015). Interpretivism comprises of human component where the truth is gotten to utilizing social development. Phenomenology, constructivism and hermeneutics are consolidated in interpretivism. The view acknowledged in inquire about is subjectivism, which comprises of information assortment from optional sources, for example, web journals, articles, and friend explored diaries. Naturalistic methodology is utilized for directing review and polls. Human brain isn't subject to reality where logical methodology is utilized for shaping the principle presumptions in authenticity. Authenticity will comprise of both basic and direct authenticity, where basic authenticity rejects human encounters and direct authenticity acknowledges human detects (Creswell and Poth, 2017). Positivism is utilized to recognize the shrouded realities and certainties through perceptions. In positivism reasoning, the specialists are constrained through assortment and translation of information. Measurable examination wi

Common Application Essay Samples

Common Application Essay SamplesCommon application essay writing methods are available to help you answer those dreaded questions. Some writers try to cover them all, but it's much easier to focus on a few common answers. Since so many people read application essays, you want to do them well.One of the most common questions is what to write about in your application essays. In order to answer this question, you will need to have a clear idea of the school you're applying to. This will help you answer your application essay question. You may be a top applicant for this particular school, but you might not be the best suited to be in that specific program. It's good to know this before you apply.There are some good online essay samples available, as well as some places that you can get free essay samples. Of course, many of these resources are usually written by students who may not be qualified to answer your application essay question.For example, if you're submitting an essay for a class where all of the previous students have scored higher than you, you will probably not score the same as the rest of them did. If you've been getting I'm, you may not be able to find a way to raise your GPA and have a high grade.If you have already submitted your application to that school, you should look at your application essay samples. These can give you a clearer picture of what type of essay you will be writing and how it will relate to the school you are applying to.Other resources for essay samples include the university's department of admissions. Many schools are really open about their requirements, and if you are taking their admission test, you'll know exactly what they expect.As long as you know what you will be writing in your application essay, you should have no trouble answering your application essay question. Good luck!

A Brief Description of Schizophrenia - 1135 Words

According to schizophrenia.com schizophrenia is a complex, debilitating mental disorder that 1-2% of the world population experience. It is a disorder of the brain that affects how people think, feel, and perceive. The purpose of this paper is to explore schizophrenia, in particular its signs, symptoms, etiology and pathophysiology, and then examine drug treatment and their mechanism of action. This will be followed by the prognosis for people with schizophrenia. Signs and Symptoms Early signs of schizophrenia include personality changes that involve abnormal emotional responses, mood disturbance, or depression, as well as cognitive changes (Schizophrenia Society of Canada, 2012). Symptoms of schizophrenia can be classified as positive†¦show more content†¦Dopamine Hypothesis The current dopamine hypothesis suggests that schizophrenia is a result of dysregulation of dopaminergic activity – there is an increase in dopamine D2 binding sites and there are prefrontal D1 deficits (Moncrieff, 2009;). This means that there is over activity of dopamine in certain areas of the brain – possibly leading to positive symptoms – and there is also under activity of dopamine in other areas of the brain – possibly leading to negative symptoms. The original dopamine hypothesis claimed that, rather than dysregulation, there was simply too much dopaminergic activity (Moncrieff, 2009). The dopamine hypothesis came from identification of antipsychotics as dopamine D2 receptor blockers (Nord, Farde, 2011; Miyake, Thompson, Skinbjerg, Dargham, 2011). Schizophrenia has been associated with the dysregulation of additional neurotransmitter systems such as serotonin and glutamate (Moncrieff, 2009). Drug Treatments Antipsychotics have long been the primary drug treatment for schizophrenia (Lehne, 2010). Antipsychotics are split into two main groups: 1) first generation antipsychotics (older, conventional); and 2) second generation antipsychotics (newer, atypical). First generation antipsychotics (FGAs), such as haloperidol are dopamine D2 antagonists. The most common side effects include increased prolactin levels and extrapyramidal effects. Second generation antipsychotics (SGAs), such as clozapine, areShow MoreRelatedA Brief Look at Auditory Hallucinations1332 Words   |  5 Pagespsychosis, specifically schizophrenia, but are also featured in a minority of people that do not have a mental illness. Auditory hallucinations have been known to cause distress in patients that have not found ways to cope with the voices in their head. 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Colorado s Legal Weed Market - 984 Words

In November 2000, voters in Colorado passed Amendment 20, which enabled patients and their caregivers to obtain a restricted amount of marijuana from medical dispensaries (Sensible Colorado, n.d). The Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment faced legal charges for creating an informal rule prohibiting caregivers from providing medical marijuana to more than 5 patients at a time (Sensible Colorado, n,d). In 2007, Sensible Colorado, Colorado’s medical marijuana distribution system, won the lengthy hearing, and its victory made way for store-front dispensaries throughout Colorado. Fast forward November 2012, 55% of Colorado’s voters were pro-Amendment 64 (Sensible Colorado, n.d). Amendment 64 made recreational marijuana use legal to anyone age 21 or older. This law was effective January 2014, and almost two years later the changes in the state are astounding. Christopher Ingraham looks into marijuana’s first year as a business industry in â€Å"Co lorado’s Legal Weed Market†. In Colorado’s first year of legalization, their recreational dispensaries brought in an estimated $700 million in sales and $63 million in tax revenue (Ingraham). Katie Rucke reports that nearly 10,000 new job opportunities have arisen in â€Å"Six Months In, How Has Marijuana Legalization Treated Colorado?† The state’s unemployment rate has dropped down to 6%, one of the lowest rates in the nation, and the lowest it has been in the state since the recession (Rucke). Many jobs created by theShow MoreRelatedShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1470 Words   |  6 Pagesthought to be addictive, dangerous, and scary. By the 1960’s the demographics between marijuana users shifted from lower class immigrants to college students. This change only showcased the lack of proof regarding the harms of weed since most smokers had no negative effects from using the drug. And the mild effects of intoxication were rather ple asant. 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To Recreationally1582 Words   |  7 PagesMarijuana was legalized in California for adults 21 and up Tuesday, November 8th, 2016. 57% of voters said â€Å"yes† on proposition 64 while 43% of voters said â€Å"no†. By proposition 64 being legal you are now able to grow and purchase marijuana for personal use. In an local CBS article they explain how marijuana being legal could cause employees to have a false impression that it is fine to come to work stoned. â€Å"In 1996, Californians approved of medical defenses against prosecution for certain marijuanaRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?1579 Words   |  7 Pagesto the elderly people. Some individuals use it because they enjoy the feeling they get from smoking or eating it, whereas others use it for medical reasons. Marijuana is starting to become decriminalized in mo st states, with Colorado and Washington having already made it legal for recreational use. 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Tort Law Legal Service Commission

Question: Describe about the Tort Law for Legal Service Commission. Answer: Issue: The given case is about two friends who had gone to attend a performance called as An Evening with Oprah with Oprah Winfrey. There was some ticketing issue with the box office and so the show was delayed by an hour. So to pass the time both of them went to a nearby bar and drank wine. But after the performance when they were going back home, Michelle was too drunk. Rebecca knew that Michelle was too drunk and cannot drive home. But still she let him drive and at the end he crashed the car. Due to the crash Rebecca was injured and she got some serious injuries including her broken leg. Now Rebecca wants to sue Michelle for her negligence. Rule: Negligence Tort is the most common type of Tort which is not deliverable actions but instead is present when an individual fails to act as a reasonable person to someone whom he owes a duty. To identify negligence one needs to satisfy and find the answers of the below four questions:(Legal Service Commission, 2016) Has the plaintiff suffered from any injury or damage? Injury or damage caused to the plaintiff was mainly due to the breach of duty of care? Has the defendant breached the duty of care? Has the defendant owed any duty of care to the plaintiff? If plaintiff wants to prove that the defendant was negligent in his duties then he has to prove all the questions mentioned above. If any of the questions is not present then negligence cannot be proved. Duty of Care: It is the responsibility of a person to perform his duty with reasonable care. If the risk of injury was reasonably foreseeable then the action will fail to meet the standard of care and breach of duty of care to ones neighbour.(Thomson Reutors, 2016) Breach of Duty of Care: a defendant would be held liable for duty if he is negligent in performing the duty which he owes to plaintiff. He breaches such a duty when he fails to exercise reasonable care in fulfilling the duty. Whether defendant has breached his duty or not will be decided by the jury.(David G. Owen, 2016) Causation: the losses which the plaintiff has suffered must be caused by the negligence act of the defendant. These losses need to be recoverable from the defendant. Plaintiff needs to prove that harm would not have occurred if the defendant was not negligent. He also needs to prove that defendants breach of duty has caused the harm.(Rottenstein Law Group, 2016) Contributory negligence: if the plaintiff is also careless about his own safety then in such situations court will apportion the negligence between the defendant and the plaintiff. Same was seen in the case of Imbree v McNeilly. Suppose if a person was careless in crossing the road and was hit by a car being driven carelessly then this would be regarded as his own fault since he was negligent.(Laws, 2016) Harm: it is a consequence of financial loss, bodily injury which is sustained from the breach of duty of care thereby enables the victim to recover appropriate damages.(Inc., 2016) Application: the provisions of Tort law of Negligence is applied in this case. How these provisions are applied is explained below in detail: Duty of Care: in the given case both Rebecca and Michelle were completely drunk but Rebecca was too drunk that she couldnt even drive the car properly. Rebecca was aware about this situation. Even though Michelle was drunk, she was driving the car. So now it was her responsibility to drove Rebecca home safely. She had to perform the duty of care in this scenario. The case is similar to the case of Klein v SBD Services Pty Ltd (2013). Breach of Duty of Care: Michelle had crashed the car due to which Rebecca was severally injured. She had injuries on her leg as well. Now since Michelle was driving the car, it was her responsibility to drive the car safely. But unfortunately she was so drunk that she had crashed the car. Rebecca was severally injured after the crash. This clearly shows that she had breached the duty of care. If she was drunk then she shouldnt have driven the car. Hence Michelle had failed to exercise reasonable care in fulfilling the duty. Causation: to prove that Michelle was negligent on her side Rebecca has to prove that she was negligent. Rebecca injured her leg very badly and now she had to spend money to treat it. The losses which Rebecca had to bare were only because of the negligence act of Michelle. If Michelle was careful while driving then this incident wouldnt have occurred. This clearly shows that since Michelle breached her duty of care Rebecca was very badly injured. This incident could have been avoided if both were travelling by cab instead of driving. Contributory Negligence: this would be considered only when the plaintiff himself was negligent about his own safety. In the current scenario Rebecca and Michelle both were drunk after the performance. Rebecca knew that Michelle was drunk and it would be difficult for her to drive the car, but still she didnt tell anything to her. This clearly shows that Rebecca herself was negligent about her own safety. If she was careful about her own safety then she should have stopped Michelle from driving the car. But unfortunately she allowed Michelle to drive the car and she had gone along with her. This shows that both Rebecca and Michelle were negligent in this case. Harm: The car crashed, Rebecca got injured and to treat it she had to spend money. This was the harm provided by Michelle to Rebecca. Defence: In her defence Michelle can clearly say that Rebecca too was negligent about her own safety because in spite of knowing that Michelle was drunk, she allowed her to drive the car. Conclusion: On the basis of the Provisions of Tort Negligence it is concluded that both Rebecca and Michelle was negligent in this case and so Rebecca wont be able to recover her losses from Michelle. Bibliography David G. Owen, 2016. Hofstra Law Review. [Online] Available at: https://law.hofstra.edu/pdf/academics/journals/lawreview/lrv_issues_v35n04_i01.pdf [Accessed 6th September 2016]. Inc., H. C. L. S., 2016. Negligence and the Duty of Care. [Online] Available at: https://www.hobartlegal.org.au/tasmanian-law-handbook/accidents-and-insurance/negligence/negligence-and-duty-care [Accessed 6th September 2016]. Laws, 2016. CONTRIBUTORY NEGLIGENCE. [Online] Available at: https://negligence.laws.com/contributory-negligence [Accessed 6th September 2016]. Legal Service Commission, 2016. lawhandbook.sa.gov.au. [Online] Available at: https://www.lawhandbook.sa.gov.au/ch29s05s01.php [Accessed 6th September 2016]. Rottenstein Law Group, 2016. What is "causation"?. [Online] Available at: https://www.rotlaw.com/legal-library/what-is-causation/ [Accessed 6th September 2016]. Thomson Reutors, 2016. Elements of a Negligence Case. [Online] Available at: https://injury.findlaw.com/accident-injury-law/elements-of-a-negligence-case.html [Accessed 6th September 2016].